you are: Features of pollination of various cultures

TSvetki an apple-tree and pears without bees and others opylitelej practically do not form fruits. The quantity useful zavjazej does not exceed 1-1,5% whereas on the trees opened for pollination happens not less than 20-50% zavjazej from the general number tsvetkov.

In the conditions of insufficient pollination tsvetkov, for example because of rainy and cold weather, mass subsidence zavjazej at a cherry, a sweet cherry, a black currant is observed. On the bushes of a gooseberry isolated from bees the crop of fruits decreases in 5-7 times.

Early in the spring wild opylitelej in the nature usually it is not enough, therefore it is necessary to deliver 2 beer families to 1 hectares of an orchard.

The Apple-tree - the basic fruit crop in our country. TSvetki apple-trees oboepolye, ryltse ripens for 2-3 days earlier, than pylniki. Life expectancy of a flower depending on a grade of 4-8 days. Medoproduktivnost and self-sterility degree strongly vary depending on a grade and external conditions. More than 80% of the apple-trees planted in Russia, in full or in part samosterilny (samobesplodny), and only about 20% samofertilny (samoplodny). At cross-pollination by bees even samoplodnye grades give the raised crop of fruits of better quality, sugar content raises approximately on 1%, and acidity decreases on 0,2 0,8%.

At the organisation of pollination by bees semechkovyh and kostochkovyh cultures it is necessary to consider, that in cool weather which quite often is necessary for the period of flowering of gardens, bolshee the number of bees works only in radius of 200-300 m from a place of placing of beehives. In process of removal of an apiary from trees visiting by their bees and a crop of fruits decrease. So, at removal of trees of grade Antonovka from an apiary on 100-300 m the crop of fruits has made 57-61 kg from one tree, at removal on 500-1500 m - 48-49 kg.

At excessive a considerable quantity tsvetkov on trees with the weakened growth it is necessary to provide cross-pollination tsvetkov the first day of blooming and to limit pollination dismissed in the next days that will provide timely osypanie superfluous zavjazi and will not cause periodicity of fructification.

Pollination of gardens by bees spend within 2-3 days favorable for good summer of bees. At moderate quantity tsvetkov pollinate all tsvetki or their considerable part. For this purpose bees contain in a garden all period of pollination.